People, roles and the transmission of information

Who knew what—and when?

A guide to the people in the 1837–1839 record, separating their roles from what they could personally have observed.

1837 work; 1840 publication

Richard William Howard Vyse

Expedition leader and published narrator

What the sources connect to this person

Published the excavation description and explanation of removal. His text also transmits later shipping and loss information.

Limits of that knowledge

He explicitly states that he was absent when the wooden coffin and bones were discovered. The loss report is not his eyewitness account.

V77V83V84V86

1837 work; 1840 plates

John Shae Perring

Survey and visual documentation

What the sources connect to this person

Present when the passages became accessible; associated with the technical documentation and sarcophagus plate.

Limits of that knowledge

The restored lid is a reconstruction. Statements transmitted in Vyse’s prose should retain that chain of attribution.

V77PLATE-SARC

1837–1838

Mr Hill

Work at Giza and transport arrangements

What the sources connect to this person

Appears in Vyse’s excavation account. Campbell’s letter, quoted by Nielsen, records the arrangement for transport from Giza to Alexandria.

Limits of that knowledge

The £150 transport arrangement concerns that leg. The original contract has not been separately examined. The full name is not expanded here.

V77N24 · p. 317

1837 work; letter of 11 July 1838

H. Raven

Extraction and a direct find letter

What the sources connect to this person

Vyse credits Raven in the physical extraction account. Raven’s own letter describes the wooden coffin fragments and bones in the upper-room context.

Limits of that knowledge

His account of what he observed should be distinguished from his interpretation of how the material came to be there.

V83V84V86

1838

Patrick Campbell

Consular administration and shipment correspondence

What the sources connect to this person

Reported export permission and shipment, and corresponded about transport. The relevant letters are cited or quoted in Nielsen.

Limits of that knowledge

The firman itself is not available in the inspected corpus. Administrative knowledge of shipment does not make Campbell a witness to the sinking.

N24 · p. 315N24 · p. 317CAMPJULY

January 1838

Edward Hawkins

British Museum acquisition correspondence

What the sources connect to this person

As Keeper of Antiquities, received the offer and supported accepting the sarcophagus, according to the correspondence described by Nielsen.

Limits of that knowledge

The full original letters have not been separately inspected. This is evidence about institutional decision-making, not a firsthand discovery or loss account.

N24 · p. 315

Before and during 1838

Richard Mayle Whichelo

Owner and usual master of Beatrice

What the sources connect to this person

Nielsen reconstructs his ownership and earlier voyages, and concludes that he remained in Alexandria when Beatrice left on its final voyage.

Limits of that knowledge

No personal statement by him about the loss has been examined. Illness or business as explanations for remaining behind are hypotheses.

N24 · p. 318N24 · p. 321N24 · p. 322

1836 crew record; 1838 voyage

John R. Whichelo

Son, earlier first mate and reported final commander

What the sources connect to this person

Nielsen associates him with command on the final voyage. The 1836 record documents an earlier crew and role.

Limits of that knowledge

No firsthand final-voyage account is available here. The printed initials F. R. in the Malta newspaper remain visible in the source; the 1836 crew is not a verified 1838 crew list.

N24 · p. 321N24 · p. 322N24 · p. 323MALTA36

Later researchers and participants

Nicky Nielsen’s 2024 article is a modern archival study. Iván Negueruela’s 2003 account is participant testimony concerning the 1997 search. Their different relationships to the events should remain explicit.

N24NEG03

Read the separate history of the searches ↗

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